GLOBAL CHINA INITIATIVE
The Global China Initiative (GCI) advances policy-oriented research on China’s overseas economic activity and engagement with international institutions in order to enable financial stability, human well-being and environmental sustainability.
GLOBAL CHINA RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT
A new update to the Chinese Loans to Africa (CLA) Database, managed by the Boston University Global Development Policy Center, estimates that from 2000-2023, Chinese lenders provided 1,306 loans amounting to $182.28 billion to 49 African governments and seven regional borrowers.
In 2023, Chinese lenders issued 13 new commitments with a value of $4.61 billion to eight countries and two regional financial institutions. This represents the first time the annual loan amount to Africa has risen since 2016 but is far below the early years of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), in which cumulative commitments surpassed $10 billion annually.
A new policy brief analyzes the state of Chinese lending to Africa ahead of the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, taking place in Beijing from September 4-6, 2024.
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The IMF’s 17th General Review of Quotas Needs a New Formula to Deliver on Development
April 14, 2025By Tim Hirschel-Burns and Marina Zucker-Marques Quotas are at the core of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s finances and governance, and they are overdue for reform. [ More ]
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A Challenging Imperative: IMF Reform, the 17th Quota Review and Increasing Voice and Representation for Developing Countries
April 14, 2025Quotas are at the core of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s finances and governance. Beyond serving as the IMF’s primary funding source to support IMF lending... [ More ]
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The Role of Government Guidance Funds in Financing Innovation in China
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Financing Technological Innovation in China: Neo-developmental Financial Statecraft through Government Guidance Funds
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Unmined Potential? Opportunities for Development Finance to Support Sustainability and Inclusion in Transition Mineral Supply Chains
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Digging Deeper: How Development Finance Can Unearth Sustainability in Transition Mineral Supply Chains
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Beyond Debt: The Case for Public Sector Net Worth
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The Potential Role of Panda Bonds in Development Finance
February 11, 2025By Yan Wang and Zheng Zhai Over the past two decades, China has become the largest bilateral provider of development finance. At the 2024 Forum on... [ More ]
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The Political Economy of Variations in Energy Debt Financing by Two Chinese Policy Banks in Africa
January 14, 2025The African continent faces a multifaceted challenge regarding its energy policy. To bolster economic industrialization and improve livelihoods, leaders seek energy solutions with low carbon... [ More ]
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The Mosaic of Energy Debt Financing from Chinese Policy Banks in Africa: How and Why One Is Greener than the Other
January 14, 2025By Tianyi Wu African leaders face significant challenges in energy policy as they strive to implement low-carbon energy solutions while expanding electricity access to around 600... [ More ]